Coolant concentrates

 

— antifreeze sold as a concentrate; it is impossible to fill such a liquid in its pure form into the cooling system; first you need to dilute it with water. Such a procedure can be quite troublesome: the water must be distilled, the container for preparing the mixture should be as clean as possible, and the claimed characteristics (primarily the freezing point) can be achieved only if the required proportion is strictly observed. On the other hand, concentrates have a lower freezing point than ready-made solutions — from -50 °C and below; at the same time, if the mixture is prepared correctly, the actual frost resistance is usually quite consistent with the claimed one (which is not as common in ready-made solutions as we would like). In addition, if desired, you can choose a different ratio of ingredients — for example, add more water, saving the concentrate; the freezing point will increase, but this is not critical when operating in a mild, relatively warm winter (not to mention the warm season). There are special tables that allow you to determine the properties of the solution when diluted in one or another proportion.