Number of channels
The maximum number of audio channels that the audio system can reproduce through its own acoustics.
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1.0. One channel of audio allows only monophonic sound — enough to hear the sound, but not providing a surround effect. The advantage of this option is compactness, because For normal operation, it is enough to equip the device with one speaker. The single-channel format is found mainly in inexpensive models, as well as in the most compact audio systems, where small size is more important than "fancy" sound.
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2.0. Two channels is the minimum required to play stereo sound. This format already allows you to achieve a sense of spaciousness without requiring too many speakers and complicating the entire system. Therefore, he is very popular.
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2.1. Modification of the 2.0 format described above,
supplemented by a subwoofer — a specialized speaker for low frequencies. The use of a subwoofer improves sound quality by delivering rich bass sound.
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2.2. A further extension of the 2.1 format described above, providing for the presence of two subwoofers — this improves the reliability of the transmission of low frequencies.
— 3.1. An extended version of the 2.1 standard, in which two classic stereo speakers are complemented not only by a subwoofer, but also by a thi
...rd, centre speaker. This allows you to improve the sound quality — in particular, due to a richer surround sound.
Note that 2.0 models that do not have their own subwoofer may be equipped with a subwoofer output (see below).Media
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Built-in memory. Own memory allows you to store and play music and other content directly through the audio system, without the use of external media (which can be damaged or lost). Such memory can be based on hard drives or SSD modules; the first option provides good capacity at a low cost, the second one is faster and more reliable.
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USB port. A classic USB port, which in this case is usually used for flash drives, external hard drives, or other devices with a mass storage function, such as miniature audio players. USB functionality includes at least direct playback, but other options may be provided, such as file sharing with built-in memory (see above). In addition, if necessary, a
connected device (for example, the same pocket player) can also be charged through this port.
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Card Reader. Device for reading information from memory cards; such carriers are very popular in modern electronics. Most often, card readers are designed for various versions of SD or microSD cards, but other options may occur; this point in each case should be clarified separately. The purpose of this function is very similar to the USB port described above: it is primarily used for direct playback, but other functions may occur.
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CD. The presence of a CD drive means at least the ability to work with
...discs recorded in the CD Audio format (up to 74 minutes of high-quality sound, divided into tracks). In addition, modern audio systems often provide support for discs with MP3 files; in this format, you can fit a whole collection of albums on one disc, but the sound quality is lower.
— DVD. Ability to work with DVD optical discs. These discs are much more capacious than CDs, which allows you to record not only music in high quality, but also movies; in fact, most often DVDs are used precisely as media for storing video. This standard is also gradually being replaced by more modern media, but it is still very far from the final "death". Note that DVD drives are also compatible with CDs, but not vice versa.
— Blu-ray. A high-capacity optical disc format that emerged as a standard for storing high-definition video with multi-channel audio (DVD's capabilities were no longer sufficient for such volumes of data). Blu-ray discs are almost never used for audio content. Because of this, and also for a number of other technical reasons, support for such media is extremely rare in audio systems.
— Vinyl records. Built-in player for playing music from vinyl records. Technically, such media are completely obsolete, but they still have a lot of loyal fans. In addition, quite a few audio systems with this feature support recording to USB (see "Advanced"); this can be useful for owners of "vinyl" who want to transfer their record libraries to more modern media.
In addition to those described above, other types of media may be provided in modern audio systems. For example, some models are equipped with USB type B inputs, thanks to which they can connect to a computer via a USB connector and work as computer acoustics with advanced features (such as copying music from a PC to external media or vice versa).System power
The total sound power provided by the audio system at maximum volume, in other words, the total power of all the speakers provided by the device (including the subwoofer).
The higher the power, the louder the system will sound and the larger the area it can cover. On the other hand,
high power significantly affects the price, dimensions, weight and power consumption of the device. In addition, when evaluating and comparing according to this indicator, it is worth considering some nuances. Firstly, some manufacturers go to the trick and give in the characteristics not the average, but the peak sound power; such numbers can be quite impressive, but they have very little to do with real loudness. So if it seems to you that the claimed power is too high, it's ok to clarify what exactly is meant in this case. Secondly, when comparing, it is worth considering the presence of a subwoofer — it plays an auxiliary role, but it can account for more than half of the total system power. Because of this, for equal total power, a device with a subwoofer may be quieter than a model without a subwoofer: for example, a 2.0 40W system will have 20W per main channel, while a 2.1 40W model may have 20W per subwoofer, and only 10 watts for the main speakers.
Power per channel
Nominal sound power (see "System power") on each of the main channels of the audio system. This indicator is most often indicated in models with a subwoofer (see "Number of channels"); knowing it, you can estimate the power distribution between the main speakers and the subwoofer.
Subwoofer power
The subwoofer power rating is a bass driver used in 2.1 and 3.1 systems (see "Number of Channels"). For rated power in general, see "System Power"; and in the case of a subwoofer, this indicator allows you to evaluate the volume and richness of the bass produced by the audio system, as well as the ratio between the power of the main channels and the “subwoofer”).
Sensitivity
Sensitivity determines the intensity of the acoustics response to a signal of a certain level; Simply put, the higher this figure, the higher the volume of the speaker system will be at the same signal level. Note that in the case of audio systems, this parameter plays a secondary role: it is important for selecting acoustics for an amplifier, and here both of these components are in most cases optimally matched by the manufacturer to each other.
Impedance
The term "impedance" refers to the resistance of a speaker system to alternating current. Note that in the case of audio systems, this parameter plays a secondary role: it is important for selecting acoustics for an amplifier, and here both of these components are in most cases optimally matched by the manufacturer to each other. Therefore, in fact, information about the impedance can be useful only when looking for speakers to replace the complete ones: it is highly desirable that the new acoustics have the same impedance as the standard ones.
Frequency range
The total frequency range reproduced by the acoustics of an audio system. Measured from the lower threshold of the lowest frequency speaker to the upper threshold of the highest frequency: for example, in a 2.1 system with main speakers at 100 – 22000 Hz and a subwoofer at 20 – 150 Hz, the total value will be 20 – 22000 Hz.
In general, the wider the frequency range, the fuller the reproduced sound will be, the less low and high frequencies will be lost due to insufficient acoustic capabilities. On the other hand, do not forget that the actual sound quality also depends on a number of other parameters — primarily the frequency response. In addition, human audible frequencies range from 16 Hz to 22 kHz; deviations from these values are very small, and the upper limit also decreases with age. Therefore, from a practical point of view, it does not make sense to provide too large a frequency range; and impressive performances like 10 – 50000 Hz, found in top-class models, are usually more of a kind of "side effect" of high-quality speakers (and at the same time — a marketing ploy) than a really significant moment.
Phase inverter
The phase inverter is a tube installed in the column housing and having an outlet to the surrounding space. The length of the tube is chosen so that a signal comes out of the outlet, inverted in phase relative to the signal from the front of the diffuser. This enhances the sound pressure and improves the sound of the speakers, including at low frequencies. Note that such audio systems should be placed at a certain distance from walls, furniture, etc. — otherwise, a hum may occur due to the movement of air through the phase inverter tube.
A similar function in some models is performed by a passive radiator (see below).
