Comparison Yukon Tracker 3x42 vs Yukon NV 5x60

— Binoculars. In its classic form, binoculars require a pair of optical systems, each with its own lens and eyepiece. Thanks to this, you can view objects with both eyes at once, which is quite convenient in itself (you don’t have to close your eyes), and the image looks three-dimensional. The main disadvantage of traditional binoculars compared to monoculars is their higher cost due to their more complex design. Also, such devices are larger, heavier, and if it is impossible to see normally with both eyes at once (for example, with strabismus, or if one eye is missing), all their advantages become irrelevant. At the same time, there is a specific variety - “pseudo-binoculars”: these are night vision devices with one lens, the image from which is sent to two eyepieces. In this case, there is no question of a three-dimensional image, which is why the use of such devices is more limited (in particular, they are considered poorly suitable for driving); but the designs are simpler, lighter and cheaper.

— Monocular. Optical instruments designed for one eye and equipped, respectively, with one optical system with an eyepiece and a lens. They are not as convenient as binoculars because they do not allow for a three-dimensional image and require one eye to be closed. On the other hand, monoculars are much more versatile. Thus, with a slight magnification of such a device, you can observe the situation wit...h both eyes at once, receiving an image from both the NVD and the naked eye; some monoculars can be mounted on weapons, turning a regular sight into a night sight; Another option is to install the device on a helmet and sight through it; and so on. However, the most important advantages over binoculars are compactness, low weight and low cost; In addition, monoculars are suitable even for people with binocular vision disorders.

— Sight. Devices designed for installation on weapons and equipped with appropriate mounts, as well as an aiming reticle of one type or another and a reinforced housing that can withstand recoil. They can be both NVGs and thermal imagers (see “Type”). In fact, such devices are an improved type of optical sights, designed for use in the dark, and in the case of thermal imagers, also in poor visibility conditions (fog, dense vegetation). And some models provide quite advanced functions that make accurate shooting much easier: rangefinder, barometer, compass, ballistic calculator, etc.

- Nozzle. Strictly speaking, this type of optical device is not a night vision device - the attachments themselves do not provide visibility in the dark. In fact, they are additional accessories, the installation of which allows you to expand the capabilities of a full-fledged night vision device. Most attachments play the role of magnetizers - i.e. increase the magnification factor. Such devices are created for specific NVD models, and even from the same manufacturer, not all attachments and devices are mutually compatible; Therefore, you should pay special attention to these points when purchasing.

The greatest distance at which a night vision device is capable of detecting individual objects.

The methods by which manufacturers determine this parameter may vary in detail, but the general principle is the same. Usually, the distance is indicated at which, with an illumination of 0.05 lux (a quarter of the moon) and a medium-contrast background, a rather large object can be seen — for example, a human figure with a height of about 170 cm is most often taken. of this object, but only to notice the very fact of its presence. Simply put, a detection range of, say, 200 m means that “something that looks like a person” can be seen in such a device at a distance of 200 m, but individual parts (head, hands) cannot be disassembled.

It is also worth noting that in fact this parameter is highly dependent on the characteristics of the situation. For example, a dark object on a very light background will be visible further, and on a dark one it may not be noticeable even up close; a similar phenomenon is observed for thermal imagers (see "Type"), only regarding the difference in temperature, and not in colours.

The degree of image magnification that a night vision device is able to provide without digital image processing, solely due to the optical system. Such an increase is considered to be preferable to digital, because. it does not impair the clarity of the visible image; and for models based on image intensifier tubes (see "How it works"), this is generally the only available option.

Theoretically, the higher the magnification, the greater the detection range (see above), since a powerful increase allows you to see smaller objects. However, it does not always make sense to chase the maximum performance. The fact is that with increasing magnification, the angular field of view decreases and the minimum focus distance increases (see both below), which can create problems at close range. It is also worth noting that a high degree of magnification adversely affects the luminosity of the entire system — as a result, the actual detection range in complete darkness may be higher for a device with a lower magnification, because. it "catches" more light. Yes, and this parameter affects the cost accordingly.

Note that night vision devices, unlike classical binoculars and monoculars, most often have a fixed magnification. Models with the possibility of smooth adjustment are almost never found, and the only option is to use additional nozzles (see "Form factor").

Now on the market are night vision devices with the following optical zoom: 1x, 2 – 3x, 3.1 – 4x, > 4x

The diameter of the entrance lens that the lens of the night vision device is equipped with.

This parameter is one of the most important for any optical device, including night vision devices: the larger the lens, the more light (or infrared radiation) enters it and the more sensitive the optics are, all other things being equal. The downside of this is an increase in the size, weight and cost of the device. In addition, do not forget that various tricks and additional technologies can be used in the design; therefore, by itself, a large lens is far from always an unambiguous indicator of a high class.

The resolution of the visible image created by the night vision device. Indicated by the number of lines (strokes) per millimetre; the higher this indicator, the more detailed the image is capable of creating the night vision device, the better small details will be visible on it. However such devices will cost accordingly.

In models with an image intensifier tube (see "How it works"), the resolution is highly dependent on the generation of the transducer.

The size of the area visible in the night vision device from a distance of 100 m — in other words, the largest distance between two points at which they can be seen simultaneously from this distance. It is also called "linear field of view". Along with the angular field of view (see below), this parameter characterizes the space covered by the optics; at the same time, it more clearly describes the capabilities of a particular model than data on viewing angles.

The angle of view provided by a night vision device — that is, the angle between the lines connecting the observer's eye with the two extreme points of visible space. Wide viewing angles allow you to cover a large area, but the magnification factor (see above) is low; in turn, increasing the magnification leads to a decrease in the field of view.

The smallest distance to the observed object, at which it will be clearly visible through the night vision device. For normal use of night vision devices, it is necessary that this distance does not exceed the minimum expected distance to the objects in question; thus, it must be borne in mind that the higher the magnification factor (see above), the greater the focus distance, usually.

The diameter of the exit pupil created by the optical system of a night vision device. The exit pupil is called the projection of the front lens of the lens, built by optics and electronics in the region of the eyepiece; this image can be observed in the form of a characteristic light circle, if you look into the eyepiece not close, but from a distance of 30 – 40 cm.

The practical significance of this parameter is that for normal visibility it must be no less than the size of the pupil of a person looking into the eyepiece. The diameter of the human pupil can vary from 2-3 mm in bright light to 7-8 mm in the dark. Therefore, the larger the size of the exit pupil of the night vision device, the better the visibility, usually; this is especially true with a minimum amount of light, when the brightness of the image is low even when viewed through the device. On the other hand, this feature significantly affects the cost of the device.