Switching to battery
The time required to transfer the load from mains power to battery power. In standby and
interactive UPSs (see Type), a short-term power failure occurs at this moment — accordingly, the shorter the time to switch to the battery, the more uniform the power supply is provided by the source during a power failure. Ideally, the switching time for the traditional 50 Hz AC frequency should be less than 5 ms (a quarter of one cycle of the sine wave). With inverter UPSs, the transfer time is, by definition, zero.
Input voltage range
In this case, the input voltage range is implied, in which the UPS is able to supply a stable voltage to the load only due to its own regulators, without switching to the battery. For redundant UPSs (see "Type") this range is quite small, approximately 190 to 260 V; for interactive and especially inverter ones, it is much wider. Some UPS models allow you to manually set the input voltage range.
Max. current
The maximum current drawn by the UPS. In fact, the current reaches its maximum value only when the UPS is operating from the mains with maximum load power and a completely discharged battery. However, when calculating the load on the power grid, this parameter should be taken into account.
Efficiency
Efficiency (coefficient of performance) in the case of a UPS is the ratio of its output power to the power consumed from the network. This is one of the main parameters that determine the overall efficiency of the device: the higher the efficiency, the less energy the UPS wastes (due to heating parts, electromagnetic radiation, etc.). In modern models, the efficiency value can reach 99%.
Output frequency
The frequency (frequency range) of the AC voltage output by the UPS. For computer technology, the frequency range of 47-53 Hz is considered normal, although the smaller the deviation from the 50 Hz standard, the better. On the other hand, in some UPS models, this frequency can be automatically synchronized with the frequency of the mains — so the power supplied to the load will not differ regardless of whether the load is powered by the mains or from the battery. In this case, a wider frequency range, on the contrary, is more desirable.
Socket type
A socket for a specific type of plug in the UPS design.
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Type F (Schuko). A traditional European socket with two round holes in the center and grounding contacts in the form of two metal brackets (at the top and bottom of the socket). The term Schuko stuck to this type of socket due to the abbreviation from the German Schutzkontakt - protective contact.
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Type E (French). The French style socket has two round holes and a protruding ground pin just above them in the center. The standard has become widespread in France, Poland and Belgium (along with the traditional type F sockets).
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Type G (British). The plug for such sockets consists of two flat horizontal pins and one flat vertical pin for grounding. The standard is found mainly in the countries of the United Kingdom, Malta, Cyprus, Singapore and Hong Kong.
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Type B (American). American-style sockets are designed for plugs with two flat prongs and a semicircular grounding contact. Type B is widely used in regions with voltage 110 - 127 V - USA, Japan, Saudi Arabia, etc.
Min. charging current
The lowest current value in Amperes at which the UPS battery can be effectively charged. Note that charging with low currents is considered more gentle and extends the service life of the battery, but this increases the duration of the charging process. The optimal charge current is about 10% of the battery capacity.
Max. charging current
The maximum current in Amperes that charges the UPS battery or battery pack. Frequent charging cycles with high currents reduce the battery's service life. However, charging in this mode will come in handy during regular power outages - it makes sense to use
high charging currents when you need to charge the batteries as quickly as possible while the power is on and be fully prepared for the next power outage.
Charging current regulation
Charging current regulation provides optimal conditions for replenishing energy reserves in the UPS battery cells. In uninterruptible power supply models with a similar function, a charge controller is installed with the ability to change the output current depending on the battery used. And in some UPS systems, automation can not only initially select the optimal current strength, but also regulate it during the charging process depending on the condition of the battery, providing the most gentle charging mode. This increases the efficiency of the charging process, helps extend the battery life and avoid damage.
