Comparison Dahua NVR2104-P-4KS2 vs Dahua NVR4104-P-4KS2

— PTZ support. Compatibility of the recorder with cameras that have the PTZ function — “pan, tilt, zoom”, that is, the ability to rotate and tilt the lens, as well as zoom in / out. PTZ support allows you to control these functions through the DVR. In analogue cameras, the RS-485 port is used for its operation (see "Additional connectors").

— Responding to movement. A function that allows the DVR to recognize movement in the frame. Specific ways of using this function can be different: automatic start of recording, setting a timestamp (if the video is being recorded continuously), signaling an alarm output, notifying the operator, etc. Note that motion sensors can also be installed in the surveillance cameras themselves; however, the presence of this function in the recorder eliminates the need to specifically look for such cameras (which usually cost a lot).

— Face recognition. This term refers to the extended possibilities for working with the faces of people caught in the frame. Recorders with this function, usually, are able not only to determine the presence of a face in the frame, but to recognize its characteristic features, save the resulting “portraits” and compare them with the database stored in memory. The latter, in turn, allows you to identify people and opens up a number of additional features. A specific set of such features should b...e specified separately, here we will give a few examples. So, in many models, the face recognition system allows you to quickly search for a person in the video archive, eliminating the need for the user to personally view large volumes of video materials. Using such a system, you can record the time of arrival and departure of employees to work, as well as automatically save information about the visits of third-party visitors. Facial recognition can be added to the lock on key cards — and an attacker will not be able to open such a lock, even if he takes possession of the card. There are also more complex and advanced features — for example, the creation of groups of employees with different access rights, with access restriction and/or an alarm when an outsider appears in a prohibited area for him.

— PoC power. An analogue of the PoE technology described above, used in traditional surveillance cameras (so-called AHD). Allows you to supply power to such a camera from the registrar through the same coaxial cable that is used to transmit the video signal; this greatly simplifies the connection and increases the reliability and security of the entire system. So, when installing the camera, it is enough to lay only one wire, while its operation does not require accumulators / batteries, which can sit down at the most inopportune moment.

— Wi-Fi. In registrars, the built-in Wi-Fi module is most often used for two tasks: to work with IP cameras that support such communication, and to connect the registrar itself to a local network (or even the Internet) via a wireless router / access point. And in models with a mobile application (see below), Wi-Fi can also be used for direct communication with the control gadget. Anyway, such a connection allows you to do without fuss with wires and connectors. The disadvantages of this feature include perhaps a slight increase in price compared to analogues without Wi-Fi, but this moment often turns out to be almost invisible against the background of the total cost of the registrars themselves.
Also, the specific supported communication standard can be specified in the characteristics — usually Wi-Fi 4 (802.11n) or Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac). In this case, the differences between them are most often not fundamental: modern Wi-Fi modules, usually, support several standards at once, so there are no problems with compatibility, and the connection speed is usually more than sufficient to work as intended.

— Wi-Fi ready. This marking means that the recorder does not have a built-in Wi-Fi module (see above), but can use such a connection when an external adapter is connected (usually not included in the standard package). Theoretically, this configuration should provide additional convenience: the user can choose whether he needs Wi-Fi functionality in this particular registrar, and if in doubt, you can purchase the device itself without overpaying for wireless capabilities, and buy the adapter later if necessary . However, in fact, Wi-Fi ready models are extremely rare these days: most buyers decide whether they need wireless when planning their surveillance system, and built-in Wi-Fi modules are not that expensive, especially compared to the total cost of recorders.

— Mobile app. The ability to work with the registrar through a mobile application installed on a smartphone, tablet or other similar gadget. In this case, specific formats for connecting to a controlling gadget can be different: direct connection via Wi-Fi, work via a local network, or even remote access via the Internet from anywhere in the world; Often multiple options are supported. All these details should be specified separately, as well as the specific functionality of the mobile application. However, usually, this functionality is quite extensive, it provides access, if not to all, then at least to the most important functions of the registrar. So, from a smartphone / tablet, you can view footage and live broadcasts from cameras, copy (and sometimes delete) recordings, change many settings, etc. Control applications are usually released for both iOS and Android, so they can be install on almost any modern consumer-grade mobile gadget.

— Support for USB modems. The ability to use an external modem connected via USB to transfer data using the 3G or 4G mobile standard. This gives independence from wires and allows the registrar to be used even where there are no wired computer networks — of course, if there is coverage. Models with this feature usually have wired interfaces, and support for a 3G / 4G modem plays the role of a failover — a backup option in case of problems with the main connection. Note that the specific type of supported mobile network depends mainly on the modem used (the compatibility of the recorder with different models will not hurt to clarify separately, but most often this is not a problem).

— Remote control. The presence of a remote control in the delivery set of the registrar. It is often more convenient to control the device from the remote control than from a computer over the network or from your own control panel.

Maximum HDMI resolution.

The maximum image resolution that can be output via HDMI to the screen of the connected video equipment (monitor, TV, etc.). The HDMI output on the DVR allows you to stream Full HD, 2K or 4K images for high quality multi-screen images.

The maximum data stream in Mbit/s that the NVR is capable of processing when recording and displaying. The throughput parameter is specified as the maximum incoming/outgoing speed, or as the sum of incoming and outgoing streams (total throughput). It is calculated in such a way that the throughput exceeds the total flow of all IP cameras connected to the DVR, and another 25–30% is put in reserve for playing video or viewing it via network access.

The highest resolution in which the recorder can record video when a signal is received from all channels simultaneously. If cameras are not connected to some channels, the recording resolution may be higher (see “Maximum Resolution”).

Higher resolution has a positive effect on detail, but takes up more space and requires more computing power for processing, which accordingly affects the price of the registrar.

The highest frame rate in the recorded video that the recorder can support when recording from all available channels simultaneously. If not all channels are occupied by cameras, this figure may be higher.

The minimum required for comfortable viewing is 24 fps. And in the most modern video standards, the frame rate can be much higher — 50 – 60 fps. Higher values result in better quality and smoother video that allows you to clearly see fast movement; however, such video takes up more space and requires powerful hardware, which affects the price of recorders.

The maximum supported resolution of IP cameras with which the NVR is technically capable of working (primarily recording). With rare exceptions, devices record in maximum resolution from all connected IP cameras. However, the limiting factor here is bandwidth (see the relevant paragraph) – depending on the shooting conditions, it may not be enough.

High resolution allows you to get a more detailed image in which fine details are better visible. On the other hand, such videos take up large amounts of disk space, and their support significantly affects the cost of the device.

The PoE (Power over Ethernet) technology itself allows you to transmit not only data, but also energy to power network devices via an Ethernet network cable. And the presence of PoE output(s) makes it possible to power such devices from the network connectors of the recorder. This eliminates the need to lay additional wires or use independent power supplies, which can be especially important for some equipment, such as external IP surveillance cameras. And when using so-called splitters - devices that separate the PoE cable signal into purely network data and supply power - using such outputs you can also power equipment that does not initially support PoE (the main thing is that their power characteristics match the capabilities of the switch).

As for PoE standards, they determine not just the overall power supply, but also compatibility with specific devices: the consumer must support the same standard as the recorder, otherwise normal operation will be impossible. Nowadays, including in switch connectors, you can find two types of such standards - active ( 802.3af, 802.3at, 802.3bt) and passive (one is called that). The main difference between these varieties is that active PoE provides for matching the power source and load in terms of voltage and power; passive PoE does not have such functions, and energy is supplied “as is”, without adjustments. Here is a more detailed description of speci...fic standards:

- 802.3af. The oldest active PoE power format in use today. Provides power output power up to 15 W (at the consumer input - up to 13 W), output voltage 44 - 57 V (input - 37 - 57 V) and power in a pair of supply wires up to 350 mA. Despite its “venerable age”, it still continues to be widely used; so there are still quite a lot of recorders that work only with 802.3af on sale (as of the end of 2021). However, it is worth considering that this standard covers 4 so-called power classes (from 0 to 3), differing in the maximum number of watts at the output and input. So when using 802.3af, it doesn't hurt to make sure that the output power is sufficient for the selected load.

- 802.3af/at. A combination of two standards at once - the 802.3af described above and the newer 802.3at. The latter allows you to supply power up to 30 W to the output (up to 25.5 W at the input of the powered device), uses a voltage of 50 - 57 V (42.5 - 57 V at the input), while the power in a pair of wires does not exceed 600 mA. This combination is relatively inexpensive, but it makes it possible to power a wide variety of external devices; so at the end of 2021, it is this type of PoE output that is most popular among recorders.

— 802.3af/at, bt. A combination of 802.3af/at described above with the 802.3bt standard (PoE++, PoE type 3 or type 4). 802.3bt is the newest of the PoE power formats; Unlike earlier ones, it uses not 2, but 4 power wires, which allows you to supply very significant power to external devices - up to 71 V (with 90 W at the power output). Such capabilities can be indispensable when supplying energy to equipment with high consumption - for example, external surveillance cameras, supplemented by heating systems. On the other hand, support for the 802.3bt standard significantly affects the cost of the recorder, and such a connection places special demands on the quality of the cables. In addition, you need to keep in mind that this standard also includes the UPoE format, created by Cisco and used in its equipment; and this standard (it is known as PoE type 3) has a more modest power - up to 60 W at the output (up to 51 W at the consumer input). And the general 802.3bt standard includes two power classes - class 8, in which maximum performance is achieved, and class 7, where 75 W is supplied to the output and about 62 W reaches the consumer. So if you plan to use 802.3bt equipment, when choosing a recorder from this category, you must make sure that the power supply is sufficient for the normal operation of the connected devices.

- Passive. As already mentioned, the key difference between passive PoE and the active standards described above is that in this case the power output produces a strictly fixed power, without any automatic adjustments or adjustments for a specific device. The main advantage of this standard is its low cost: its implementation is much cheaper than active PoE, so such ports can be found even in entry-level recorders. On the other hand, the aforementioned lack of auto-tuning makes it much more difficult to coordinate equipment with each other - especially in light of the fact that different devices can differ significantly in the output/consumed voltage and power (power). Because of this, when using passive PoE, you need to pay special attention to the compatibility of the source and load in these parameters. If there is no match, then in the best case (if the voltage/power at the output is lower than required) the power simply will not work, and in the worst case (if there is excess voltage/power) there is a high probability of overloads, overheating and even breakdowns with fires - and such troubles may not occur immediately, but after quite a considerable time. And you definitely cannot connect devices with active inputs to passive PoE outputs - for the same reasons.

The maximum power that the DVR is capable of delivering per PoE output.

Such outputs are described in detail above; just briefly recall that they are Ethernet network ports, supplemented by the ability to power connected equipment directly over the LAN cable, without additional wires. As for the power of such a supply, it must correspond to the characteristics of the connected equipment; however, the term "compliant" may have different meanings depending on the PoE standard being used (see "PoE (output)").

So, if the registrar and the equipment work according to one of the active standards (802.3af, 802.3at, 802.3bt), the output power of the switch must not be lower than the power consumption of the connected equipment. At the same time, exceeding the output power is not scary — the described standards provide automatic adjustment, which allows the powered device to receive exactly as much power as needed, without overloading. But if the output is not powerful enough, it is obvious that it simply cannot provide effective work.

In turn, when using passive PoE, the output power of the power supply should ideally match the power consumption of the load as closely as possible. This is due to the fact that in such cases the power output produces a strictly defined power, with little or no matching and adjustment. And if the excess of a couple of watts, most powered devices are able to transfer more or less "calmly", then a more significant exces...s is fraught with overloads, overheating and equipment failure.

In conclusion, it should be said that if there are several PoE ports and they are used simultaneously, the available power supply per port can be noticeably less than when PoE is operating in only one connector. This point can be clarified by information on the total PoE power (see below) — this power is divided into all the ports involved. For example, if the switch has three PoE outputs, and the power per output is 60 W, then the total power can also be claimed at 60 W. Accordingly, when using PoE on all three outputs at once, the power on each of them will be less than 60/3 = 20 W. Technically, more advanced methods of power management are also possible — with "smart" power distribution depending on the needs of specific devices (relatively speaking, 30 W, 20 W and 10 W for the same total value of 60 W); but for a full guarantee, it is worth proceeding from the fact that all energy is divided equally.