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LAN. The LAN (Ethernet) interface was originally designed to build wired computer networks. Cameras with such a connector, as a rule, also work as network devices. The advantage of this option over the Wi-Fi described below is a higher actual throughput, over
BNC — the ability to connect without additional equipment, directly to a standard network router used for a regular computer network. Of the disadvantages, one can note only the need to pull a wire, but this point is common to all wired connection options. In terms of other features, LAN is the most convenient, due to which it has become widespread in modern surveillance cameras.
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Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi connection was originally a wireless analogue of the LAN described above and was used to connect to computer networks. When working in such networks, this connection is similar to LAN in the sense that it allows the camera to work through a regular router (of course, supporting Wi-Fi). At the same time, Wi-Fi is more convenient due to the absence of wires, but with an abundance of other wireless devices connected to the router, the channel throughput and image quality can significantly deteriorate. Note that recently it has also been possible to use this connection in Direct mode - for direct connection of the camera to another device, for example, connecting the camera to a smartphone (see "Design and capabilities -
...P2P"). However, this option is less common.
— BNC. Abbreviation for Bayonet Neill Concelman. A bayonet-type connector, usually used to transmit an analog video signal. Refers to professional video interfaces; special equipment is required to work with such a camera. However, cameras with this type of connector are usually in the lower price range. This is due to the limited connectivity options via BNC — it can only transmit a video signal, which limits the functionality of such cameras compared to models that work via LAN or Wi-Fi (see above).
— Aviation port. It is a round multi-pin connector designed for reliable connection of cameras. Such ports provide a stable connection even in conditions of vibration and high humidity, due to which it is used in car video surveillance systems. Power, video signal and control (for example, for PTZ cameras) can be transmitted through one aviation port, which simplifies installation and reduces the number of required cables.
— 3G / 4G. Connecting to the Internet via 3G / 4G mobile networks; as a rule, this requires installing a SIM card from a mobile operator in the camera. The speed of such networks allows, among other things, to broadcast video in fairly high resolution. So such a connection (of course, if there is coverage) is well suited not only as a backup option in case of Internet outages, but also as the main communication channel if there is no fixed Internet connection at all. A typical example of the second situation is monitoring a country house located “far from civilization”, but in an area with reliable mobile phone reception. In both cases, you can contact the camera via the Internet from anywhere on the planet.—
WDR (Wide Dynamic Range) — extended dynamic range. WDR technology combines several frames with different exposures into one picture, as a result, dark areas are brightened, and overexposures are darkened, and the output is a picture with extremely uniform lighting. The true wide dynamic range technology is called True-WDR and it is implemented in the optical circuit at the hardware level, a special microprocessor is responsible for creating and mixing exposures. A more affordable alternative to wide dynamic range is Digital-WDR technology, which equalizes lighting through software algorithms.
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DWDR (Digital Wide Dynamic Range) — extended dynamic range technology based on software brightening algorithms. DWDR brightens too dark areas of the frame, which can be completely blurred against the background of light areas. Digital brightening allows you to noticeably improve the quality of shooting in contrasting lighting conditions. Digital WDR cameras are noticeably cheaper than true True-WDR optics. Of course, the quality of digital brightening is inferior to True-WDR.
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BLC (Back Light Compensation) — backlight compensation technology. This system is based on the work of digital signal processors DSP. So, the device, relatively speaking, "breaks" the frame into many segments, making its own adjustments to each of them. Backlight compensation brightens dark areas of
...the frame well. The main disadvantage of the technology is the increase in the brightness of the already bright areas of the frame, due to which overexposure may appear in the picture.
— WDR+BLC. The camcorder supports several lightening technologies at once, each of which is described in more detail above. Immediately, we note that the combination of WDR + BLC allows you to achieve an extremely clear and clear picture in almost any lighting conditions, from extreme contrast to insufficient and excessively bright.
— DWDR+BLC. The device supports two popular clarification technologies at once, each of which is described in more detail above. The presence of DWDR + BLC technologies allows the camera to effectively brighten the dark areas of the frame. Such video cameras have proven themselves well when working in low light conditions.
