Comparison Artemis CP2 vs Umarex XBG

Muzzle velocity — that is, the speed of the bullet at the exit from the barrel — provided by the pistol / revolver. Note that for some weapons, the actual muzzle velocity may vary; for more on this, see "Type", and here we note that for such models, the characteristics usually indicate the average value for perfect conditions.

In general, the greater the speed of the bullet, the more long-range the weapon and the higher its penetrating ability. Thus, in some countries this indicator is the basis for legal restrictions on the sale of pneumatics (usually, bona fide sellers have the relevant information). And for airsoft weapons, this moment is important for safety reasons: too high a ball speed increases the likelihood of injury. However, airsoft guns usually give out less than 100 m / s. By the standards of classical pneumatics, this is very little: most short-barreled pneumatics fall in the range of 100 – 125 m / s, in some models the initial speed can reach 125 – 150 m / s and even more.

In "flobers" speeds are higher: an indicator up to 175 m / s is considered relatively low, up to 200 m / s — average, and some long-barreled models give out more than 200 m / s. However, note that we are talking about the speeds claim...ed by the manufacturer, while the actual performance will greatly depend on the characteristics of the cartridge (load, composition, build quality). Therefore, the actual initial speeds in such weapons may differ markedly from those claimed.

The cocking system provided in the weapon - that is, the method of transferring its mechanism to the position of readiness to fire.

This parameter is relevant mainly for classic pneumatics; here you can find pistols with automatic cocking, barrel fracture, as well as bolt and trigger systems. Almost all weapons chambered for Flaubert and blank cartridges (see "Type") are auto-cocked, as an exception, there are individual trigger models. And the features of various systems are as follows:

- Autoplatoon. Systems that provide for automatic cocking of weapons before each shot; in other words, with such a pistol, the shooter does not need to perform any additional actions to cock the weapon. The advantages of such systems are obvious - they make shooting as simple and convenient as possible. So it is this option that is most popular in modern short-barreled pneumatics; other cocking systems are used mainly where they are indispensable for structural reasons. However, it should be borne in mind that the features of the auto-cocking may be different, depending on the type and form factor of the weapon (see above for both). So, blow-back pistols (see below) and AEG-type models usually have auto-cocking in the full sense of the word - that is, for each shot, it is enough to press the trigger, and the trigger pull remains unchan...ged and rather low. However, for the first shot in such pistols, it may be necessary to cock the hammer or even move the bolt. In revolvers, automatic winding usually means the so-called double-action mechanism, where the cocking of the trigger (and turning the drum) is carried out by the muscular strength of the shooter when the trigger is pressed. This format of work requires significant effort on the trigger, so most of these revolvers allow you to cock the trigger separately; there are also pistols without blow-back with this feature. And for compression and multi-compression models, auto-cocking is indicated if the pistol mechanism is cocked right during the inflation process; in such a weapon, you still cannot do without “extra movements” between shots.

- Shutter. Systems that provide for manual cocking before each shot using a bolt. They are found mainly in two types of air pistols. The first type is most PCP pneumatics. In such models, the shutter has the form of a separate handle or lever; in multi-shot models, due to its movement, the next charge from the magazine is fed into the barrel, in single-shot models, the chamber opens and closes, allowing you to load the weapon. Thanks to this format of operation, the number of parts that move in the weapon at the time of the shot is reduced to an absolute minimum, which in turn reduces shock - an important advantage, given that PCP pistols are used mainly in sports precision shooting. The second type of pistols with this cocking system are spring-piston models. At the same time, in classic pneumatics of 4.5 mm caliber, the role of the shutter is usually performed by a lever, such weapons are usually made single-shot and have an original design; and airsoft models of 6 mm caliber copy combat pistols and the platoon in them is carried out in a similar way - by moving the casing-bolt (bolt frame) back and forth.

- Fracture of the trunk. A cocking method found exclusively in spring-piston models (see "Type"). The barrel in such pistols is mounted on a swivel mount and turns down when cocked, due to which the weapon literally “breaks” in half (hence the name). In this case, the piston becomes cocked, and the chamber opens for reloading (such weapons are made only single-shot). Breakthrough models are simple, inexpensive, easy to handle and require a minimum of skill, making them suitable even for beginner shooters. On the other hand, it makes no sense to make such weapons multiply charged, and the barrel mount can become loose as it wears. It is also worth noting that the barrel in the “breaks” should be quite long - otherwise the cocking force would be too high for normal work with the weapon. This nuance can be both an advantage and a disadvantage, depending on the planned use of the pistol.

— Kurkovy. Systems in which the hammer must be manually cocked before each shot. Quite a rare option; found, in particular, in individual pistols, where auto-cocking was abandoned for the sake of reducing cost and / or simplifying the design, as well as some miniature revolvers, where the size of the weapon did not allow for a full-fledged double-action mechanism (auto-cocking).

The type of barrel fitted to the pistol.

Smooth-bore pneumatics in our time is much more common than rifled ; Flaubert revolvers with smooth and rifled barrels on the market are approximately equal; and models for a blank cartridge are equipped exclusively with muffled barrels. Here are the features of each option.

— Smooth. Trunks having a smooth, rifling-free inner surface. The main advantage of this option can be called ease of production and, as a result, low cost. In addition, in the case of pneumatics, the smooth barrel is "omnivorous", with it you can use both bullets and balls (although most often such pistols are compatible with only one type of ammunition). We also note that the airsoft "weapon" in principle is made only with a smoothbore; and the absence of rifling greatly simplifies cleaning, which is especially important for models chambered in Flaubert. On the other hand, in smooth barrels, the bullet is not stabilized by rotation, and the dispersion of such weapons is noticeably greater than that of rifled ones. This does not play a special role in recreational shooting at short distances, however, this type of barrel is not suitable for high-precision weapons.

- Rifled. Barrels with spiral grooves on the inner surface. Due to the rifling, the bullet spins around the longitudinal axis while m...oving along the barrel - this provides additional stabilization and reduces the weapon's own dispersion. Actually, higher accuracy is the main advantage of rifled models over smoothbore ones; and "serious" sports pistols for high-precision shooting are equipped only with this type of barrel. The disadvantages of this option include, first of all, the higher cost than that of smooth ones, as well as the additional difficulty in cleaning - it can be difficult to thoroughly clean the rifling. In addition, in the case of pneumatics, rifled weapons are designed mainly for bullets and are poorly suited for cheaper balls: in most cases their use is not allowed at all, and where allowed, it is desirable to use special soft lead balls. This is due to the fact that the hard metal from which most balls are made wears the rifling a lot; and the promotion of such a charge turns out to be uneven and does not stabilize it, but, on the contrary, leads it away.

- Silenced. A variant found exclusively in pistols chambered in blanks. In such devices, a special plug is installed that blocks the bore and completely eliminates the possibility of firing any projectile (be it a bullet or shot). We emphasize that an attempt to fire from such a “weapon” with a non-blank cartridge (even with a rubber bullet) will most likely lead to a rupture of the barrel and serious injuries to the shooter and people around him.

The type of ammunition that the pistol/revolver is designed for.

Pneumatics can use balls or lead bullets, and some models are compatible with both varieties at once. In weapons chambered for Flaubert and a blank cartridge, the type of ammunition is already obvious from the name. Here is a more detailed description of each option:

— Balloons. Ordinary round balls; for traditional 4.5 mm pneumatics they are made of metal, for airsoft guns of 6 mm caliber they are made of plastic (although other materials are occasionally found). Actually, the airsoft "weapon" by definition uses only balls, it is not made for other types of charges. As for classical pneumatics, here the main advantage of this option can be called a low cost — balls are somewhere much cheaper than lead bullets. In addition, they have good penetrating power, and magazines and reloading systems for balls are extremely simple. On the other hand, such ammunition is less suitable for accurate long-range shooting. Firstly, balls are inferior to bullets in terms of ballistic characteristics; secondly, they are usually made of hard steel and are practically unsuitable for working with rifled barrels. On the other hand, for recreational shooting and simple training at a relatively short range, these points are not critical; so it is this type of ammunition that is most common in modern air pistols.

— Lead bullets. A bu...llet in this case is called a projectile of a directional shape, with a clearly defined front and rear. The specific form of such projectiles may be different, but they all have a number of common features. So, any bullet at the same initial speed flies further and hits more accurately than a ball. And the material is usually lead or another soft metal, which provides a number of advantages. Firstly, bullets work great with rifled barrels: the edges of the bullet clearly fit into the grooves on the inner surface (many bullets are even able to expand slightly at the time of the shot, for the tightest possible fit in the barrel), the projectile is effectively untwisted and stabilized, while the rifling is worn minimal. Secondly, bullets flatten out when they hit a more or less hard surface — this minimizes the risk of ricochets. At the same time, bullets are more expensive than balls, and in multi-shot models, they require a more complex design of magazines and reloading mechanisms. As a result, this type of ammunition is relatively rare in short-barreled pneumatics — mainly in professional long-range pistols, as well as in models where this is due to design features (in particular, bullets are better suited for spring-piston “breaks”).

— Balls / lead bullets. The ability to use both types of ammunition described above at once, to choose from. Note that such versatility can be implemented in different ways: some pistols / revolvers are indeed universal in terms of the type of ammunition (unless each variety needs its own magazine), others are produced in two separate versions — for bullets and for balls. This point should be clarified separately before buying. It is also worth considering that in "omnivorous" weapons with a rifled barrel, it is better to use bullets if possible, and balls should be considered as a fallback. This is due to the fact that the balls are poorly compatible with such weapons; see "Barrel" for details.

— Flaubert's cartridge. Small-caliber (4 mm) cartridge, which is actually a primer with a bullet, without a powder sample (or with a very small amount of gunpowder — in the form of a few grains). In fact, it is a firearm, however, in terms of ballistic characteristics, a weapon chambered in Flaubert is comparable to pneumatics, due to which in many countries it is officially equated to pneumatic and sold without special permits (however, this point needs to be specified separately). Note that the vast majority of weapons chambered for this cartridge are revolvers; pistols are rare and have a specific design (for more details, see "Form Factor").

— Blank cartridge. A cartridge with a case, a primer and a powder charge, similar in design to a full-fledged firearm, except that it does not contain a bullet. Instead, the case mouth is crimped in the form of an "asterisk" or covered with a plug made of an easily destructible material like plastic. Note that such cartridges can be used not only in specialized “weapons” (see “Type”), but also in most traumatic and combat pistols of the corresponding caliber; however, blank pistols usually do not require special permits, and anyone can practice basic skills with them (including working with recoil and reaction to a shot).

The capacity of the magazine provided with the pistol, or the drum installed in the revolver (see "Form factor"). For obvious reasons, it is indicated only for multiply charged models (see "Charging capacity").

Repeatingly charged air pistols / revolvers are conditionally divided into models with magazines up to 15 charges and more than 15 charges. The largest capacity here is airsoft AEGs (see "Type"), copying submachine guns — they are not uncommon in stores for 50 balls or more, and as additional accessories for many models, so-called "bunkers" are produced, where the number there are already hundreds of charges. As for traditional pneumatics, it is worth noting that if the pistol is designed for bullets and balls at the same time (see "Type of ammunition"), then the capacity when using different types of charge may vary — usually, it is higher for balls in such cases, and this figure and indicated in the characteristics as the main one.

As for the weapon chambered for Flaubert, in it the “classic of the genre” is a revolver with a drum for 9, less often for 8 rounds. A greater number of charges is not found — for this the drum would have to be made too bulky; a smaller number — about 5 – 6 rounds — can be found in individual revolvers, as well as models in the form factor of a pistol, where the dimensions of the case do not allow you to install a larger drum. In turn, pistols chamb...ered for blank cartridges usually more or less correspond in terms of magazine capacity to the firearm models from which they are copied; here you can find models that can hold from 5 to 30 charges.

The type of sighting device provided in the design of the pistol / revolver.

The vast majority of short-barreled pneumatics, "floberts" and starting pistols are equipped with the simplest mechanical sights in the form of a front sight and a rear sight. In pneumatic weapons, models with adjustable and non-adjustable sights are approximately equal; in Flaubert's revolvers, the possibility of adjustment is somewhat less common than non-adjustable front and rear sights ; and in models for a blank cartridge, in principle, it makes no sense to provide adjustment. There are pistols / revolvers without sights at all.

Here are the general features of different types of scope:

— Unregulated. Front sight and rear sight, fixed motionless and without any additional settings. The advantages of this design are simplicity, low cost and reliability; in addition, such a sight is almost impossible to shoot down due to an accidental impact of the front sight or rear sight on a foreign object. The main disadvantage is the actual impossibility of adjustment, which does not allow adjusting the sights for a change in distance, side wind or deviations due to production errors. On the other hand, for recreational shooting at short distances, these moments are not decisive, and serious factory defects are extremely rare in fact. So i...f maximum accuracy is not critical for you, a non-adjustable sight may be enough.

— Adjustable. Sights with the ability to adjust; however, the specific possibilities of such adjustment may be different. One of the most popular options is to adjust the rear sight in height, for zeroing weapons at a specific distance. For this, a micrometer screw is usually used. Another option is a rear sight with the ability to move horizontally, it is mainly designed to compensate for errors in the design of the weapon itself, which give a lateral displacement of the point of impact. The most advanced models — mostly high-precision sports pistols — allow you to adjust the rear sight on both axes. Anyway, an adjustable sight is more complicated and more expensive than an unregulated one, it may require additional adjustment by the user himself, but with such devices you can achieve maximum shooting accuracy.
Also note that on the market you can find pneumatics equipped with optical or collimator sights; they are also adjustable.

— Is absent. The absence of their own sights is an extremely rare option, found in two varieties of pneumatic and similar weapons. The first is some spring-piston and PCP pistols (see "Type") with long barrels and high muzzle velocity, designed for high-precision shooting. They have sight mounts (see below) or slots for such mounts, allowing the shooter to choose the sights to their taste. The second variety is revolvers (mainly chambered for Flaubert) of miniature size, originally not designed for aimed shooting in the classical sense of these words.

The presence of an additional mount under the barrel of a pistol / revolver.

Such a mount usually takes the form of a characteristic bar with transverse slots (Weaver / Picatinny standard or similar). It is designed to install various optional accessories; the classic variants of such accessories are the underbarrel flashlight and the laser designator.

Note that nowadays you can find both pneumatic weapons with underbarrel mounts, and pistols chambered for a blank cartridge (see "Type") with this feature. Moreover, in the second case, the mount plays a predominantly decorative role, giving the “weapon” a resemblance to a combat prototype; however, it can also have quite a practical meaning. For example, by installing an underbarrel flashlight on a starting pistol, you can train basic skills (moving, aiming, reaction to a shot) for actions in low light conditions. However if you are planning such an application, before buying, it's ok to make sure that the selected pistol provides for exactly the standard mount, and not an external imitation, unsuitable for installing a “body kit”.

The ability to customize the characteristics of the trigger installed in the pistol. At a minimum, we are talking about setting the pressing force; in addition, in most cases, you can also adjust the idle length (distance from the starting position to operation).

This function allows you to adjust the characteristics of the descent to the personal preferences of the shooter, make the weapon as comfortable as possible and, accordingly, improve the accuracy of shooting. At the same time, the adjustment mechanism noticeably complicates the design of the weapon and affects its cost. So it makes sense to use such mechanisms only in models with a long barrel length and high muzzle velocity, designed for high-precision sports shooting. As a result, adjustable trigger models are found mostly among sport (professional) level air pistols. Note that this function in principle does not make sense in starting pistols.

The overall length of the weapon is usually from the muzzle to the part protruding farthest back (usually the bottom of the handle). This parameter not only allows you to evaluate the overall compactness of the pistol, but can also be useful for selecting accessories for it — for example, a holster, case or carrying bag.