In this case, polarity refers to the location of the terminals on the battery. Traditionally, it is named according to the location of the "+" terminal when looking at the battery from the front (or, in the case of side terminals, from the side closest to which they are located).
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+ left. In relation to passenger cars, such polarity in the CIS countries is often called "direct" or "ours". At the same time, in trucks (see "Purpose") the situation is the opposite - the left "plus" is the European standard.
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+ right. In passenger cars, the right "plus" is typical mainly for European models, for which this polarity in the CIS countries received the unofficial name "euro" or "reverse" (as opposed to the domestic "direct"). In batteries for trucks, everything is the other way around.
— + right/ + left. This marking means that this battery model is available with both right and left “plus” (see above), and you can choose the option depending on the car model.
Note that the above division into “direct” and “reverse” polarity is not absolute, and in any case, before purchasing a battery in your car, this parameter should be clarified separately.